PDF Report (English)マレーシア華人の自己表象に関する一考察 ――民族博物館と歴史教科書を例に――
対象とする問題の概要 多民族を抱えるマレーシアは複合社会であり、マレー人・華人・インド人をはじめとする各民族集団間の境界がはっきりしている。一方、マレー人と華人の間には緊張関係が存在し、同国の政治と社会経済の中心課題に位置づけられている。…
フィールドワーク・レポート
Addressing Unmet Needs for Financial Services in Rural Myanmar
Research background
A fundamental issue for the rural population in Myanmar is the lack of access to resources such as markets, infrastructure, and technical supports, as well as credit. One of the major constraints for the rural poor is the lack of access to financial services, with reasonable and affordable interest rates, not only to enable these population to engage in productive economic activities but also to meet the financial needs of daily consumption.
Research purpose
This study investigates the financial services in rural Myanmar and their determinants. It asks whether the current conditions of rural finance are productive for improving the livelihoods of farmers, whether they help or harm the farmers, and what delivery mechanisms are involved.
Results/Achievements
The current conditions of the financial market in three locations were assessed. The first location was Phya Pon Township, Ayawaddy Division, which is one of the country’s major high-quality paddy production areas. To encourage high-quality paddy production, the government’s credit program for small-scale farmers with affordable interest rates is an absolute imperative. In recent years, the high loan default rate became a major challenge for the program. During field surveys, I mainly focused on the villages that could settle their loans and conducted several interviews with the stakeholders in the village-level financial markets. I explored the role of village credit administration groups in collecting the loan.
The second area was Yay Nan Chaung Township, Magway Division. Magway Division is the division referred to in “2014 Magway Division Private Microfinance Law.” The field survey in this area accessed two licensed organization under this law. The major finding in this area is the weakness of the technical support available to each licensed organization, despite regulation from the regional government.
The last location was Lashio Township, Shan State. In this area, the Wong Metta Credit Union launched by the Shan ethnic group is one of the leading financial organizations. While the operation of this program is quite advanced concerning the mobilization of savings, provision of loans, and collection of repayments, the capacity of the credit union committee is limited under a decentralized and weak management system.
Plans for further research
The current preliminary survey has already collected the necessary quantitative information for further research. Further qualitative information regarding the households in these areas needs to be collected.
- レポート：Nay Myo Thiha Han（Year of enrollment: AY2017 ）
- 派遣先国：Myanmar
- 渡航期間： February 6th, 2018 to August 1st, 2019
- キーワード：credit, microfinance law, credit union